From 048efb6912f1551409727304868087ca7e2319f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ArthurSonzogni <sonzogniarthur@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 14 May 2021 21:43:35 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add {Const,}StringRef to simplify components.

---
 examples/component/button.cpp            | 15 +++++-----
 examples/component/checkbox.cpp          | 17 ++++--------
 examples/component/checkbox_in_frame.cpp | 20 ++++++--------
 examples/component/gallery.cpp           | 19 ++++++-------
 examples/component/homescreen.cpp        | 23 +++++++---------
 examples/component/input.cpp             | 13 ++++-----
 examples/component/menu2.cpp             |  9 +++---
 examples/component/menu_style.cpp        |  9 +++---
 examples/component/modal_dialog.cpp      | 16 ++++-------
 examples/component/radiobox_in_frame.cpp |  3 +-
 examples/component/slider.cpp            |  2 --
 examples/component/slider_rgb.cpp        | 13 ++++-----
 examples/component/tab_horizontal.cpp    | 11 ++++----
 examples/component/tab_vertical.cpp      | 13 ++++-----
 examples/component/toggle.cpp            | 11 +++-----
 include/ftxui/component/button.hpp       |  5 ++--
 include/ftxui/component/checkbox.hpp     | 11 ++++----
 include/ftxui/component/component.hpp    | 10 ++++---
 include/ftxui/component/input.hpp        |  7 +++--
 include/ftxui/screen/string.hpp          | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/ftxui/component/button.cpp           |  5 ++--
 src/ftxui/component/checkbox.cpp         |  4 +--
 src/ftxui/component/container.cpp        | 12 ++++----
 src/ftxui/component/container_test.cpp   | 26 +++++++++---------
 src/ftxui/component/input.cpp            |  5 ++--
 src/ftxui/component/input_test.cpp       |  7 +++--
 src/ftxui/component/renderer.cpp         |  5 ++--
 src/ftxui/component/slider.cpp           | 15 +++++-----
 src/ftxui/screen/string.cpp              | 24 ++++++++++++++++
 29 files changed, 201 insertions(+), 164 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/component/button.cpp b/examples/component/button.cpp
index 6382890..5bc7852 100644
--- a/examples/component/button.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/button.cpp
@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
-#include <string>  // for operator+, to_wstring, allocator, wstring
+#include <memory>  // for __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr
+#include <string>  // for operator+, to_wstring
 
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"           // for Button, Make
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"           // for Container
+#include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Button, Horizontal, Renderer
+#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for separator, Element, gauge, text, operator|, vbox, border
 
 using namespace ftxui;
 
 int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
   int value = 50;
-  std::wstring label_dec = L"decrease";
-  std::wstring label_inc = L"increase";
 
   // The tree of components. This defines how to navigate using the keyboard.
   auto buttons = Container::Horizontal({
-      Button(&label_dec, [&] { value--; }),
-      Button(&label_inc, [&] { value++; }),
+      Button("Decrease", [&] { value--; }),
+      Button("Increase", [&] { value++; }),
   });
 
   // Modify the way to render them on screen:
diff --git a/examples/component/checkbox.cpp b/examples/component/checkbox.cpp
index cd2637e..361ee68 100644
--- a/examples/component/checkbox.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/checkbox.cpp
@@ -1,24 +1,19 @@
 #include "ftxui/component/checkbox.hpp"
-#include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Checkbox, Make
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
-#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive, Component
+#include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"      // for ftxui
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"           // for Checkbox, Vertical
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
 
 using namespace ftxui;
 
 int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
-  std::wstring build_examples_label = L"Build examples";
-  std::wstring build_tests_label = L"Build tests";
-  std::wstring use_webassembly_label = L"Use WebAssembly";
-
   bool build_examples_state = false;
   bool build_tests_state = false;
   bool use_webassembly_state = true;
 
   auto component = Container::Vertical({
-      Checkbox(&build_examples_label, &build_examples_state),
-      Checkbox(&build_tests_label, &build_tests_state),
-      Checkbox(&use_webassembly_label, &use_webassembly_state),
+      Checkbox("Build examples", &build_examples_state),
+      Checkbox("Build tests", &build_tests_state),
+      Checkbox("Use WebAssembly", &use_webassembly_state),
   });
 
   auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
diff --git a/examples/component/checkbox_in_frame.cpp b/examples/component/checkbox_in_frame.cpp
index 75b30de..26f405b 100644
--- a/examples/component/checkbox_in_frame.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/checkbox_in_frame.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
-#include <memory>  // for unique_ptr, make_unique, __shared_ptr_access
-#include <string>  // for operator+, wstring
+#include <memory>  // for __shared_ptr_access, allocator_traits<>::value_type, shared_ptr
+#include <string>  // for operator+
 #include <vector>  // for vector
 
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Checkbox, Make
-#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
-#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
-#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, operator|, size, vbox, border, frame, Elements, HEIGHT, LESS_THAN
+#include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Checkbox, Renderer, Vertical
+#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, operator|, size, border, frame, HEIGHT, LESS_THAN
 #include "ftxui/screen/string.hpp"  // for to_wstring
 
 using namespace ftxui;
 
 struct CheckboxState {
-  std::wstring label;
   bool checked;
 };
 
@@ -20,10 +19,9 @@ int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
   int size = 30;
   std::vector<CheckboxState> states(size);
   auto container = Container::Vertical({});
-  for(int i = 0; i<size; ++i) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
     states[i].checked = false;
-    states[i].label = L"Checkbox " + to_wstring(i);
-    container->Add(Checkbox(&states[i].label, &states[i].checked));
+    container->Add(Checkbox(L"Checkbox" + to_wstring(i), &states[i].checked));
   }
 
   auto component = Renderer(container, [&] {
diff --git a/examples/component/gallery.cpp b/examples/component/gallery.cpp
index 1d3564e..99f5af4 100644
--- a/examples/component/gallery.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/gallery.cpp
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 #include <functional>  // for function
-#include <memory>      // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access
+#include <memory>      // for shared_ptr, allocator, __shared_ptr_access
 #include <string>      // for wstring, basic_string
 #include <vector>      // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Slider, Checkbox, Button, Input, Make, Menu, Radiobox, Toggle
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Slider, Checkbox, Vertical, Renderer, Button, Input, Menu, Radiobox, Toggle
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
-#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for separator, operator|, Element, size, xflex, text, WIDTH, hbox, vbox, EQUAL, LESS_THAN, border, GREATER_THAN
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for separator, Element, operator|, size, xflex, text, WIDTH, hbox, vbox, EQUAL, border, GREATER_THAN
 
 using namespace ftxui;
 
@@ -27,7 +26,8 @@ Component Wrap(std::wstring name, Component component) {
 int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
   auto screen = ScreenInteractive::FitComponent();
 
-  // -- Menu ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // -- Menu
+  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
   const std::vector<std::wstring> menu_entries = {
       L"Menu 1",
       L"Menu 2",
@@ -48,14 +48,12 @@ int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
   toggle = Wrap(L"Toggle", toggle);
 
   // -- Checkbox ---------------------------------------------------------------
-  std::wstring checkbox_1_label = L"checkbox1";
-  std::wstring checkbox_2_label = L"checkbox2";
   bool checkbox_1_selected = false;
   bool checkbox_2_selected = false;
 
   auto checkboxes = Container::Vertical({
-      Checkbox(&checkbox_1_label, &checkbox_1_selected),
-      Checkbox(&checkbox_2_label, &checkbox_2_selected),
+      Checkbox("checkbox1", &checkbox_1_selected),
+      Checkbox("checkbox2", &checkbox_2_selected),
   });
   checkboxes = Wrap(L"Checkbox", checkboxes);
 
@@ -72,8 +70,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
 
   // -- Input ------------------------------------------------------------------
   std::wstring input_label;
-  std::wstring input_placeholder = L"input";
-  auto input = Input(&input_label, &input_placeholder);
+  auto input = Input(&input_label, L"placeholder");
   input = Wrap(L"Input", input);
 
   // -- Button -----------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/examples/component/homescreen.cpp b/examples/component/homescreen.cpp
index 876c3c2..6758e24 100644
--- a/examples/component/homescreen.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/homescreen.cpp
@@ -2,20 +2,19 @@
 #include <chrono>      // for operator""s, chrono_literals
 #include <cmath>       // for sin
 #include <functional>  // for ref, reference_wrapper, function
-#include <memory>      // for make_shared, __shared_ptr_access
-#include <string>  // for allocator, wstring, basic_string, operator+, to_wstring
-#include <thread>   // for sleep_for, thread
-#include <utility>  // for move
-#include <vector>   // for vector
+#include <memory>      // for allocator, shared_ptr, __shared_ptr_access
+#include <string>      // for wstring, basic_string, operator+, to_wstring
+#include <thread>      // for sleep_for, thread
+#include <utility>     // for move
+#include <vector>      // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Checkbox, Input, Menu, Radiobox, Toggle
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Checkbox, Renderer, Horizontal, Vertical, Input, Menu, Radiobox, Tab, Toggle
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
 #include "ftxui/component/event.hpp"           // for Event, Event::Custom
 #include "ftxui/component/input.hpp"           // for InputBase
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
-#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for text, operator|, color, bgcolor, Element, filler, size, vbox, flex, hbox, graph, separator, EQUAL, WIDTH, hcenter, bold, border, window, Elements, HEIGHT, hflow, flex_grow, frame, gauge, LESS_THAN, spinner, dim, GREATER_THAN
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for text, operator|, color, bgcolor, Element, filler, size, vbox, flex, hbox, graph, separator, EQUAL, WIDTH, hcenter, bold, border, window, HEIGHT, Elements, hflow, flex_grow, frame, gauge, LESS_THAN, spinner, dim, GREATER_THAN
 #include "ftxui/screen/color.hpp"  // for Color, Color::BlueLight, Color::RedLight, Color::Black, Color::Blue, Color::Cyan, Color::CyanLight, Color::GrayDark, Color::GrayLight, Color::Green, Color::GreenLight, Color::Magenta, Color::MagentaLight, Color::Red, Color::White, Color::Yellow, Color::YellowLight, Color::Default
 
 using namespace ftxui;
@@ -157,17 +156,15 @@ int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
       false,
       false,
   };
-  std::wstring input_add_content = L"";
-  std::wstring input_add_placeholder = L"input_files";
-  Component input_add = Input(&input_add_content, &input_add_placeholder);
+  std::wstring input_add_content;
+  Component input_add = Input(&input_add_content, "input files");
 
   std::vector<std::wstring> input_entries;
   int input_selected = 0;
   Component input = Menu(&input_entries, &input_selected);
 
   std::wstring executable_content_ = L"";
-  std::wstring executable_placeholder_ = L"executable";
-  Component executable_ = Input(&executable_content_, &executable_placeholder_);
+  Component executable_ = Input(&executable_content_, "executable");
 
   Component flags = Container::Vertical({
       Checkbox(&options_label[0], &options_state[0]),
diff --git a/examples/component/input.cpp b/examples/component/input.cpp
index e9d2841..c5a31c2 100644
--- a/examples/component/input.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/input.cpp
@@ -1,23 +1,20 @@
 #include <memory>  // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access
-#include <string>  // for operator+, wstring, char_traits
+#include <string>  // for operator+, char_traits, wstring
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Input, Make
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Input, Renderer, Vertical
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
-#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for text, hbox, separator, border, vbox, Element
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for text, hbox, Element, separator, operator|, vbox, border
 
 int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
   using namespace ftxui;
 
   std::wstring first_name_;
   std::wstring last_name_;
-  std::wstring first_name_placeholder_ = L"first_name";
-  std::wstring last_name_placeholder_ = L"last_name";
 
-  Component input_first_name_ = Input(&first_name_, &first_name_placeholder_);
-  Component input_last_name_ = Input(&last_name_, &last_name_placeholder_);
+  Component input_first_name_ = Input(&first_name_, "first name");
+  Component input_last_name_ = Input(&last_name_, "last name");
 
   auto component = Container::Vertical({
       input_first_name_,
diff --git a/examples/component/menu2.cpp b/examples/component/menu2.cpp
index 8bb71a4..82f7121 100644
--- a/examples/component/menu2.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/menu2.cpp
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 #include <functional>  // for function
-#include <memory>      // for __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr
-#include <string>  // for wstring, allocator, operator+, to_string, basic_string
-#include <vector>  // for vector
+#include <memory>      // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access
+#include <string>      // for wstring, operator+, to_string, basic_string
+#include <vector>      // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Menu, Make
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Menu, Horizontal, Renderer
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
 #include "ftxui/component/menu.hpp"            // for MenuBase
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for text, separator, bold, hcenter, vbox, hbox, gauge, Element, operator|, border
diff --git a/examples/component/menu_style.cpp b/examples/component/menu_style.cpp
index 65a0dce..4be8f08 100644
--- a/examples/component/menu_style.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/menu_style.cpp
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 #include <functional>        // for function
 #include <initializer_list>  // for initializer_list
-#include <memory>            // for __shared_ptr_access
-#include <string>            // for wstring, allocator, basic_string
+#include <memory>            // for __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr, allocator
+#include <string>            // for wstring, basic_string
 #include <vector>            // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Menu, Make
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Menu, Horizontal, Renderer
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
 #include "ftxui/component/menu.hpp"            // for MenuBase
-#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive, Component
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for operator|, Element, separator, bgcolor, color, flex, Decorator, bold, hbox, border, dim
 #include "ftxui/screen/color.hpp"  // for Color, Color::Blue, Color::BlueLight, Color::Red, Color::Yellow
 
diff --git a/examples/component/modal_dialog.cpp b/examples/component/modal_dialog.cpp
index 91317de..7db3758 100644
--- a/examples/component/modal_dialog.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/modal_dialog.cpp
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-#include <functional>  // for function
-#include <memory>  // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr, make_shared
+#include <memory>  // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr
 #include <string>  // for wstring, operator+, basic_string, char_traits
 #include <vector>  // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Button, Make
-#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
-#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Button, Renderer, Horizontal, Tab
+#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, operator|, filler, text, hbox, separator, center, vbox, bold, border, clear_under, dbox, size, GREATER_THAN, HEIGHT
 
 int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
@@ -21,10 +19,8 @@ int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
   std::wstring rating = L"3/5 stars";
 
   // At depth=0, two buttons. One for rating FTXUI and one for quitting.
-  std::wstring label_rate_ftxui = L"Rate FTXUI";
-  std::wstring label_quit = L"Quit";
-  auto button_rate_ftxui = Button(&label_rate_ftxui, [&] { depth = 1; });
-  auto button_quit = Button(&label_quit, screen.ExitLoopClosure());
+  auto button_rate_ftxui = Button("Rate FTXUI", [&] { depth = 1; });
+  auto button_quit = Button("Quit", screen.ExitLoopClosure());
 
   auto depth_0_container = Container::Horizontal({
       button_rate_ftxui,
diff --git a/examples/component/radiobox_in_frame.cpp b/examples/component/radiobox_in_frame.cpp
index ff5514e..b62d0d3 100644
--- a/examples/component/radiobox_in_frame.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/radiobox_in_frame.cpp
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
+#include <memory>  // for __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr
 #include <string>  // for wstring, operator+
 #include <vector>  // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"      // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"           // for Make, Radiobox
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"           // for Radiobox, Renderer
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, operator|, size, border, frame, HEIGHT, LESS_THAN
diff --git a/examples/component/slider.cpp b/examples/component/slider.cpp
index 7a3f51e..c4b41b6 100644
--- a/examples/component/slider.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/slider.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#include <memory>  // for allocator
-
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"      // for ftxui
 #include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"           // for Slider
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
diff --git a/examples/component/slider_rgb.cpp b/examples/component/slider_rgb.cpp
index 07f4b00..3eb10e6 100644
--- a/examples/component/slider_rgb.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/slider_rgb.cpp
@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
-#include <functional>  // for function
-#include <memory>      // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access
-#include <string>      // for operator+, to_wstring, char_traits
+#include <memory>  // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr
+#include <string>  // for operator+, to_wstring, char_traits
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Slider, Make
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Slider, Renderer, Vertical
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
-#include "ftxui/component/event.hpp"  // for Event, Event::Escape, Event::Return
-#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
-#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for separator, operator|, Element, size, text, vbox, xflex, bgcolor, hbox, GREATER_THAN, WIDTH, border, HEIGHT, LESS_THAN
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for separator, Element, operator|, size, text, vbox, xflex, bgcolor, hbox, GREATER_THAN, WIDTH, border, HEIGHT, LESS_THAN
 #include "ftxui/screen/color.hpp"  // for Color
 
 using namespace ftxui;
diff --git a/examples/component/tab_horizontal.cpp b/examples/component/tab_horizontal.cpp
index 5b849c1..578dff2 100644
--- a/examples/component/tab_horizontal.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/tab_horizontal.cpp
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-#include <memory>  // for __shared_ptr_access
-#include <string>  // for wstring, allocator, basic_string
+#include <memory>  // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr
+#include <string>  // for wstring, basic_string
 #include <vector>  // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Radiobox, Make, Toggle
-#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
-#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Radiobox, Renderer, Tab, Toggle, Vertical
+#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, separator, operator|, vbox, border
 
 using namespace ftxui;
diff --git a/examples/component/tab_vertical.cpp b/examples/component/tab_vertical.cpp
index f2c6c5f..ad454d7 100644
--- a/examples/component/tab_vertical.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/tab_vertical.cpp
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
-#include <memory>  // for __shared_ptr_access
-#include <string>  // for wstring, allocator, basic_string
+#include <memory>  // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access, shared_ptr
+#include <string>  // for wstring, basic_string
 #include <vector>  // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Radiobox, Make, Toggle
-#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
-#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
-#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, separator, operator|, vbox, border
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Radiobox, Horizontal, Menu, Renderer, Tab
+#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, separator, hbox, operator|, border
 
 using namespace ftxui;
 
diff --git a/examples/component/toggle.cpp b/examples/component/toggle.cpp
index 6159d43..b56f211 100644
--- a/examples/component/toggle.cpp
+++ b/examples/component/toggle.cpp
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
-#include <functional>  // for function
-#include <memory>      // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access
-#include <string>      // for wstring, basic_string
-#include <vector>      // for vector
+#include <memory>  // for allocator, __shared_ptr_access
+#include <string>  // for wstring, basic_string
+#include <vector>  // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Toggle, Make
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Toggle, Renderer, Vertical
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/component/container.hpp"       // for Container
-#include "ftxui/component/event.hpp"           // for Event, Event::Return
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for Component, ScreenInteractive
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for text, hbox, vbox, Element
 
diff --git a/include/ftxui/component/button.hpp b/include/ftxui/component/button.hpp
index 073dbdc..8638823 100644
--- a/include/ftxui/component/button.hpp
+++ b/include/ftxui/component/button.hpp
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"              // for Element
 #include "ftxui/screen/box.hpp"                // for Box
+#include "ftxui/screen/string.hpp"             // for ConstStringRef
 
 namespace ftxui {
 struct Event;
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ class ButtonBase : public ComponentBase {
   static ButtonBase* From(Component);
 
   // Constructor.
-  ButtonBase(const std::wstring* label, std::function<void()> on_click);
+  ButtonBase(ConstStringRef label, std::function<void()> on_click);
   ~ButtonBase() override = default;
 
   // Component implementation.
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ class ButtonBase : public ComponentBase {
   bool OnEvent(Event) override;
 
  private:
-  const std::wstring* label_;
+  ConstStringRef label_;
   std::function<void()> on_click_;
   Box box_;
 };
diff --git a/include/ftxui/component/checkbox.hpp b/include/ftxui/component/checkbox.hpp
index fd7959e..9cd1db4 100644
--- a/include/ftxui/component/checkbox.hpp
+++ b/include/ftxui/component/checkbox.hpp
@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@
 #define FTXUI_COMPONENT_CHECKBOX_HPP
 
 #include <functional>  // for function
-#include <string>      // for wstring, allocator
+#include <string>      // for allocator, wstring
 
 #include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Component
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
-#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, Decorator, inverted, nothing
-#include "ftxui/screen/box.hpp"    // for Box
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"   // for Element, Decorator, inverted, nothing
+#include "ftxui/screen/box.hpp"     // for Box
+#include "ftxui/screen/string.hpp"  // for ConstStringRef
 
 namespace ftxui {
 struct Event;
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ class CheckboxBase : public ComponentBase {
   static CheckboxBase* From(Component component);
 
   // Constructor.
-  CheckboxBase(const std::wstring* label, bool* state);
+  CheckboxBase(ConstStringRef label, bool* state);
   ~CheckboxBase() override = default;
 
 #if defined(_WIN32)
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ class CheckboxBase : public ComponentBase {
  private:
   bool OnMouseEvent(Event event);
 
-  const std::wstring* const label_;
+  ConstStringRef label_;
   bool* const state_;
   int cursor_position = 0;
   Box box_;
diff --git a/include/ftxui/component/component.hpp b/include/ftxui/component/component.hpp
index 47e942c..cebbc54 100644
--- a/include/ftxui/component/component.hpp
+++ b/include/ftxui/component/component.hpp
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include <vector>      // for vector
 
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"   // for Element
+#include "ftxui/screen/string.hpp"  // for ConstStringRef, StringRef
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
@@ -20,9 +22,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<T> Make(Args&&... args) {
   return std::make_shared<T>(args...);
 }
 
-Component Button(const std::wstring* label, std::function<void()> on_click);
-Component Checkbox(const std::wstring* label, bool* checked);
-Component Input(std::wstring* content, const std::wstring* placeholder);
+Component Button(ConstStringRef label, std::function<void()> on_click);
+Component Checkbox(ConstStringRef label, bool* checked);
+Component Input(StringRef content, ConstStringRef placeholder);
 Component Menu(const std::vector<std::wstring>* entries, int* selected_);
 Component Radiobox(const std::vector<std::wstring>* entries, int* selected_);
 Component Toggle(const std::vector<std::wstring>* entries, int* selected);
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ Component Renderer(Component child, std::function<Element()>);
 Component Renderer(std::function<Element()>);
 
 template <class T>  // T = {int, float}
-Component Slider(std::wstring label, T* value, T min, T max, T increment);
+Component Slider(StringRef label, T* value, T min, T max, T increment);
 
 namespace Container {
 Component Vertical(Components children);
diff --git a/include/ftxui/component/input.hpp b/include/ftxui/component/input.hpp
index fdfc2af..605db99 100644
--- a/include/ftxui/component/input.hpp
+++ b/include/ftxui/component/input.hpp
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"              // for Element
 #include "ftxui/screen/box.hpp"                // for Box
+#include "ftxui/screen/string.hpp"             // for ConstStringRef, StringRef
 
 namespace ftxui {
 struct Event;
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ class InputBase : public ComponentBase {
   static InputBase* From(Component component);
 
   // Constructor.
-  InputBase(std::wstring* content, const std::wstring* placeholder);
+  InputBase(StringRef content, ConstStringRef placeholder);
   ~InputBase() override = default;
 
   // State.
@@ -35,8 +36,8 @@ class InputBase : public ComponentBase {
   bool OnEvent(Event) override;
 
  private:
-  std::wstring* const content_;
-  const std::wstring* const placeholder_;
+  StringRef content_;
+  ConstStringRef placeholder_;
 
   bool OnMouseEvent(Event);
   Box input_box_;
diff --git a/include/ftxui/screen/string.hpp b/include/ftxui/screen/string.hpp
index 86899cc..2d199bc 100644
--- a/include/ftxui/screen/string.hpp
+++ b/include/ftxui/screen/string.hpp
@@ -16,6 +16,41 @@ int wchar_width(wchar_t);
 int wchar_width_cjk(wchar_t);
 int wstring_width(const std::wstring&);
 int wstring_width_cjk(const std::wstring&);
+
+/// @brief For convenience, this class convert multiple mutable string
+/// references toward a shared representation.
+class StringRef {
+ public:
+  StringRef(std::wstring& ref);
+  StringRef(std::wstring* ref);
+  StringRef(const wchar_t* ref);
+  StringRef(const char* ref);
+
+  std::wstring& operator*();
+  std::wstring* operator->();
+
+ private:
+  std::wstring* const borrowed_ = nullptr;
+  std::wstring owned_;
+};
+
+/// @brief For convenience, this class convert multiple immutable string
+/// references toward  shared representation.
+class ConstStringRef {
+ public:
+  ConstStringRef(const std::wstring& ref);
+  ConstStringRef(const std::wstring* ref);
+  ConstStringRef(const wchar_t* ref);
+  ConstStringRef(const char* ref);
+
+  const std::wstring& operator*();
+  const std::wstring* operator->();
+
+ private:
+  const std::wstring* const borrowed_ = nullptr;
+  const std::wstring owned_;
+};
+
 }  // namespace ftxui
 
 #endif /* end of include guard: FTXUI_SCREEN_STRING_HPP */
diff --git a/src/ftxui/component/button.cpp b/src/ftxui/component/button.cpp
index 9876879..5ed0ce0 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/component/button.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/component/button.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ namespace ftxui {
 /// │Click to quit│
 /// └─────────────┘
 /// ```
-Component Button(const std::wstring* label, std::function<void()> on_click) {
+Component Button(ConstStringRef label, std::function<void()> on_click) {
   return Make<ButtonBase>(label, on_click);
 }
 
@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ ButtonBase* ButtonBase::From(Component component) {
   return static_cast<ButtonBase*>(component.get());
 }
 
-ButtonBase::ButtonBase(const std::wstring* label,
-                       std::function<void()> on_click)
+ButtonBase::ButtonBase(ConstStringRef label, std::function<void()> on_click)
     : label_(label), on_click_(on_click) {}
 
 Element ButtonBase::Render() {
diff --git a/src/ftxui/component/checkbox.cpp b/src/ftxui/component/checkbox.cpp
index 011293f..d440bda 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/component/checkbox.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/component/checkbox.cpp
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace ftxui {
 /// ```bash
 /// ☐ Make a sandwitch
 /// ```
-Component Checkbox(const std::wstring* label, bool* checked) {
+Component Checkbox(ConstStringRef label, bool* checked) {
   return Make<CheckboxBase>(label, checked);
 }
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ CheckboxBase* From(Component component) {
   return static_cast<CheckboxBase*>(component.get());
 }
 
-CheckboxBase::CheckboxBase(const std::wstring* label, bool* state)
+CheckboxBase::CheckboxBase(ConstStringRef label, bool* state)
     : label_(label), state_(state) {}
 
 Element CheckboxBase::Render() {
diff --git a/src/ftxui/component/container.cpp b/src/ftxui/component/container.cpp
index 3dc9fdf..a9d372b 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/component/container.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/component/container.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace Container {
 /// vertically using up/down arrow key or 'j'/'k' keys.
 /// @param children the list of components.
 /// @ingroup component
-/// @see ContainerBase 
+/// @see ContainerBase
 ///
 /// ### Example
 ///
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Component Vertical(Components children) {
 /// horizontally using left/right arrow key or 'h'/'l' keys.
 /// @param children the list of components.
 /// @ingroup component
-/// @see ContainerBase 
+/// @see ContainerBase
 ///
 /// ### Example
 ///
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Component Horizontal(Components children) {
 /// @param selector The index of the drawn children.
 /// @param children the list of components.
 /// @ingroup component
-/// @see ContainerBase 
+/// @see ContainerBase
 ///
 /// ### Example
 ///
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Component ContainerBase::Vertical() {
 
 // static
 Component ContainerBase::Vertical(Components children) {
-  auto container = std::make_shared<Container>();
+  auto container = std::make_shared<ContainerBase>();
   container->event_handler_ = &ContainerBase::VerticalEvent;
   container->render_handler_ = &ContainerBase::VerticalRender;
   for (Component& child : children)
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Component ContainerBase::Horizontal() {
 
 // static
 Component ContainerBase::Horizontal(Components children) {
-  auto container = std::make_shared<Container>();
+  auto container = std::make_shared<ContainerBase>();
   container->event_handler_ = &ContainerBase::HorizontalEvent;
   container->render_handler_ = &ContainerBase::HorizontalRender;
   for (Component& child : children)
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ Component ContainerBase::Tab(int* selector) {
 
 // static
 Component ContainerBase::Tab(int* selector, Components children) {
-  auto container = std::make_shared<Container>();
+  auto container = std::make_shared<ContainerBase>();
   container->selector_ = selector;
   container->event_handler_ = &ContainerBase::TabEvent;
   container->render_handler_ = &ContainerBase::TabRender;
diff --git a/src/ftxui/component/container_test.cpp b/src/ftxui/component/container_test.cpp
index c4f4571..13cc19f 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/component/container_test.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/component/container_test.cpp
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 using namespace ftxui;
 
 TEST(ContainerTest, HorizontalEvent) {
-  auto container = Container::Horizontal();
+  auto container = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
   Component c0, c1, c2;
   container->Add(c0);
   container->Add(c1);
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ TEST(ContainerTest, HorizontalEvent) {
 }
 
 TEST(ContainerTest, VerticalEvent) {
-  auto container = Container::Vertical();
+  auto container = ContainerBase::Vertical();
   Component c0, c1, c2;
   container->Add(c0);
   container->Add(c1);
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ TEST(ContainerTest, VerticalEvent) {
 }
 
 TEST(ContainerTest, SetActiveChild) {
-  auto container = Container::Horizontal();
+  auto container = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
   Component c0, c1, c2;
   container->Add(c0);
   container->Add(c1);
@@ -203,16 +203,16 @@ TEST(ContainerTest, SetActiveChild) {
 }
 
 TEST(ContainerTest, TakeFocus) {
-  auto c = Container::Horizontal();
-  auto c1 = Container::Vertical();
-  auto c2 = Container::Vertical();
-  auto c3 = Container::Vertical();
-  auto c11 = Container::Horizontal();
-  auto c12 = Container::Horizontal();
-  auto c13 = Container::Horizontal();
-  auto c21 = Container::Horizontal();
-  auto c22 = Container::Horizontal();
-  auto c23 = Container::Horizontal();
+  auto c = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
+  auto c1 = ContainerBase::Vertical();
+  auto c2 = ContainerBase::Vertical();
+  auto c3 = ContainerBase::Vertical();
+  auto c11 = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
+  auto c12 = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
+  auto c13 = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
+  auto c21 = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
+  auto c22 = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
+  auto c23 = ContainerBase::Horizontal();
 
   c->Add(c1);
   c->Add(c2);
diff --git a/src/ftxui/component/input.cpp b/src/ftxui/component/input.cpp
index 35a162f..3ecaa3a 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/component/input.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/component/input.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <algorithm>  // for max, min
 #include <memory>     // for shared_ptr
+#include <string>     // for wstring, allocator, basic_string
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for CapturedMouse
 #include "ftxui/component/event.hpp"  // for Event, Event::ArrowLeft, Event::ArrowRight, Event::Backspace, Event::Custom, Event::Delete, Event::End, Event::Home, Event::Return
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ namespace ftxui {
 /// ```bash
 /// placeholder
 /// ```
-Component Input(std::wstring* content, const std::wstring* placeholder) {
+Component Input(StringRef content, ConstStringRef placeholder) {
   return Make<InputBase>(content, placeholder);
 }
 
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ InputBase* InputBase::From(Component component) {
   return static_cast<InputBase*>(component.get());
 }
 
-InputBase::InputBase(std::wstring* content, const std::wstring* placeholder)
+InputBase::InputBase(StringRef content, ConstStringRef placeholder)
     : content_(content), placeholder_(placeholder) {}
 
 // Component implementation.
diff --git a/src/ftxui/component/input_test.cpp b/src/ftxui/component/input_test.cpp
index c1d1b12..be98285 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/component/input_test.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/component/input_test.cpp
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-#include <gtest/gtest-message.h>    // for Message
-#include <gtest/gtest-test-part.h>  // for TestPartResult
+#include <gtest/gtest-message.h>  // for Message
+#include <gtest/gtest-test-part.h>  // for TestPartResult, SuiteApiResolver, TestFactoryImpl
 #include <memory>                   // for __shared_ptr_access
+#include <string>                   // for wstring, allocator
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
 #include "ftxui/component/event.hpp"  // for Event, Event::ArrowLeft, Event::ArrowRight, Event::Backspace, Event::Delete, Event::End, Event::Home
 #include "ftxui/component/input.hpp"
-#include "gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h"  // for Test, EXPECT_EQ, SuiteApiResolver, TEST, TestFactoryImpl
+#include "gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h"  // for Test, EXPECT_EQ, TEST
 
 using namespace ftxui;
 
diff --git a/src/ftxui/component/renderer.cpp b/src/ftxui/component/renderer.cpp
index 95fdd9a..0125b80 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/component/renderer.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/component/renderer.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #include <functional>  // for function
-#include <memory>      // for shared_ptr
+#include <memory>      // for __shared_ptr_access
+#include <utility>     // for move
 
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Make
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"       // for Component, Make, Renderer
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"              // for Element
 
diff --git a/src/ftxui/component/slider.cpp b/src/ftxui/component/slider.cpp
index 8dbd538..0ec1091 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/component/slider.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/component/slider.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include <string>   // for allocator, wstring
+#include <string>   // for allocator
 #include <utility>  // for move
 
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for CapturedMouse
@@ -10,13 +10,14 @@
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, text, color, operator|, xflex, gauge, dim, hbox, reflect, underlined, vcenter
 #include "ftxui/screen/box.hpp"    // for Box
 #include "ftxui/screen/color.hpp"  // for Color, Color::GrayDark, Color::GrayLight
+#include "ftxui/screen/string.hpp"  // for StringRef
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
 template <class T>
 class SliderBase : public ComponentBase {
  public:
-  SliderBase(std::wstring label, T* value, T min, T max, T increment)
+  SliderBase(StringRef label, T* value, T min, T max, T increment)
       : label_(label),
         value_(value),
         min_(min),
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ class SliderBase : public ComponentBase {
         Focused() ? color(Color::GrayLight) : color(Color::GrayDark);
     float percent = float(*value_ - min_) / float(max_ - min_);
     return hbox({
-               text(label_) | dim | vcenter,
+               text(*label_) | dim | vcenter,
                hbox({
                    text(L"["),
                    gauge(percent) | underlined | xflex | reflect(gauge_box_),
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ class SliderBase : public ComponentBase {
   }
 
  private:
-  std::wstring label_;
+  StringRef label_;
   T* value_;
   T min_;
   T max_;
@@ -117,17 +118,17 @@ class SliderBase : public ComponentBase {
 /// Value:[██████████████████████████                          ]
 /// ```
 template <class T>
-Component Slider(std::wstring label, T* value, T min, T max, T increment) {
+Component Slider(StringRef label, T* value, T min, T max, T increment) {
   return Make<SliderBase<T>>(std::move(label), value, min, max, increment);
 }
 
-template Component Slider(std::wstring label,
+template Component Slider(StringRef label,
                           int* value,
                           int min,
                           int max,
                           int increment);
 
-template Component Slider(std::wstring label,
+template Component Slider(StringRef label,
                           float* value,
                           float min,
                           float max,
diff --git a/src/ftxui/screen/string.cpp b/src/ftxui/screen/string.cpp
index d0ddcbb..7f13b6b 100644
--- a/src/ftxui/screen/string.cpp
+++ b/src/ftxui/screen/string.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,30 @@ std::wstring to_wstring(const std::string& s) {
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #endif
 
+StringRef::StringRef(std::wstring& ref) : borrowed_(&ref) {}
+StringRef::StringRef(std::wstring* ref) : borrowed_(ref) {}
+StringRef::StringRef(const wchar_t* ref) : owned_(ref) {}
+StringRef::StringRef(const char* ref) : owned_(to_wstring(std::string(ref))) {}
+std::wstring& StringRef::operator*() {
+  return borrowed_ ? *borrowed_ : owned_;
+}
+std::wstring* StringRef::operator->() {
+  return borrowed_ ? borrowed_ : &owned_;
+}
+
+ConstStringRef::ConstStringRef(const std::wstring& ref) : borrowed_(&ref) {}
+ConstStringRef::ConstStringRef(const std::wstring* ref) : borrowed_(ref) {}
+ConstStringRef::ConstStringRef(const wchar_t* ref) : owned_(ref) {}
+ConstStringRef::ConstStringRef(const char* ref)
+    : owned_(to_wstring(std::string(ref))) {}
+
+const std::wstring& ConstStringRef::operator*() {
+  return borrowed_ ? *borrowed_ : owned_;
+}
+const std::wstring* ConstStringRef::operator->() {
+  return borrowed_ ? borrowed_ : &owned_;
+}
+
 }  // namespace ftxui
 
 // Copyright 2020 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.